UNIVERSEH: The European Space University

Definition:

Canadian Space Agency is a national space agency of Canada, whose aim is to coordinate spaceflight activities. It is responsible for space exploration (focusing on physical processes in stars), as well as Earth observation and monitoring its resources.

Canadian Space Agency was established in 1989  and works on space science and exploration, satellite communications, and it also provides space awareness and promotes the activities of the organisation. International cooperation with other space agencies is also part of the CSA’s mission. The headquarters are located in Longueuil, Canada.

Sample Sentence(s):

"The Canadian Space Agency is now developing a next generation of satellites."

"The Canadian Space Agency is a founding member of the Charter."

Translations:

• French: Agence spatiale canadienne
  
• German: Kanadische Weltraumorganisation
  
• Polish: Kandyjska Agencja Kosmiczna
  
• Swedish: kanadensiska rymdorganisationen
  

Links to Videos/Articles:

https://www.asc-csa.gc.ca/eng/default.asp

Source: ESA - ESA commissions world’s first space debris removal

Definition:

ClearSpace-1 is a mission targeting the removal of the Vega Secondary Payload Adapter (Vega) which is planned for launch in 2025. The mission is brought forward as a service contract with a startup-led commercial consortium, to help establish a new market for in-orbit servicing, as well as debris removal.

The ClearSpace-1 ‘chaser’ will be launched into a lower 500-km orbit for commissioning and critical tests before being raised to the target orbit for rendezvous and capture using a quartet of robotic arms under ESA supervision. The combined chaser plus Vespa will then be deorbited to burn up in the atmosphere.

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• German:
  
• Polish:
  
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Links to Videos/Articles:

ESA - ESA commissions world’s first space debris

earth observation for sustainable development (esa.int) removal

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Short Definition:
A Comet is a small object orbiting the star (e.g. the Sun) composed of dust, rock and ices. Comets appear in our solar system and have mostly origin in Kuiper belt or Oort Cloud.

Detailed Definition:
Comets show up periodically, orbiting a star on the ecliptic orbit with different span from several to thousands of years. The comet appearance changes depending on the distance from the source of heat. If the comet is far away from the star, it only consists of the nucleus. After approaching the source of a heat, the surface of the icy heart of the comet starts heating up and slowly transforms into gas, creating a coma (fuzzy cloud of gas and dust) around the nucleus. When the coma appears, two tails spread behind the nucleus. Due to the ion tail's electric charge, it always points away from the star. The dust tail indicates the path of the nucleus, which is wide, curved and spread behind the nucleus for millions of miles. The most popular comet is Halley's Comet (1P/Halley) which is visible from Earth every 75–79 years.

Sample Sentence(s):
There are likely billions of comets orbiting our Sun in the Kuiper Belt and even more distant Oort Cloud.

French:
La comète

German:
der Komet

Polish:
Kometa

Swedish:
Komet

Spanish
El cometa

Links to Videos/Articles:
https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/asteroids-comets-and-meteors/comets/overview/
https://spaceplace.nasa.gov/comets/en/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comet#Etymology
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comet_Encke
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halley%27s_Comet

Term/Concept: 

constellation

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Translations of Terms/Concepts into Partner Languages [Multiple fields for entering the translation of the term in each partner language, additional languages can potentially be added, e.g. Russian, Chinese, Portuguese]

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Definition:

A European Earth observation programme aiming at monitoring land, atmosphere and the marine environment, supporting emergency management, ensuring civil security and mitigating the consequences of climate change.

Etymology:

The programme is named after Nicolaus Copernicus, who was a Renaissance scientist and the author of the heliocentric model of the Universe.

Translations:

• French:
  
• German:
  
• Polish:
  
• Swedish:
  

Links to Videos/Articles:

https://www.esa.int/Applications/Observing_the_Earth/Copernicus/Europe_s_Copernicus_programme

https://www.copernicus.eu/en/copernicus-services

https://www.copernicus.eu

Sources: Krinov, E. (1964, ). Esquel (USNM 6474). Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History. https://collections.nmnh.si.edu/search/ms/?ark=ark:/65665/313534e86e8044bfd846c3f74f85f0899

Short Definition:

The chemistry of cosmic objects or the chemistry of objects in space, such as the chemistry of the Moon, Mars, the Sun, asteroids, quasars, etc. and their effects on each other. 

Detailed Definition:

Cosmochemistry is the study of the chemical compositions of matter in the universe and the processes that led to those compositions. Cosmochemistry is primarily done by studying the chemical compositions of cosmic objects or the chemistry of objects in space.

Etymology:

Cosmo = kosmos (latin) + Chemistry = Alchemy (Greek), khēmia (Egyptician)

Sample Sentence:

“The spectral research on sulphur-containing radicals is of great significance in many fields such as atmospheric chemistry, combustion chemistry, cosmochemistry and so on.”

Translations:

• French: Chimie Cosmique
• German: Kosmochemie
• Polish: Chemia Kosmiczna
• Swedish: Kosmokemi
  

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Short Definition:

The concept of an organized system with pattern and order in the universe.

Detailed Definition:

The idea of the physical universe as a whole system, one having order and pattern. The understanding of the cosmos has been evolving with new discoveries about the universe. This leads to the definition of cosmology as the history of the study of the cosmos as a whole.

Etymology:

Cosmos comes from the Latin Kosmos, which means order or world.

Sample Sentence(s):

The cosmos may now be represented digitally by scientists.

Scientists are hunting for hints as to how the universe came into being.

Translations of Terms/Concepts into Partner Languages

French: cosmos

German: Kosmos

Polish: kosmos

Swedish: kosmos

Links to Videos/Articles:

https://www.nationalgeographicla.com/cosmos

Dedal crater on the Moon

Source:
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Moon_Dedal_crater.jpg 

Short Definition:

An impact crater is a circular depression in the surface of a solid cosmic body shaped by the hypervelocity collision of a smaller object. Impact craters are the major geographic features on a lot of solid Solar System objects, including the Moon, Mercury, plus the majority of small moons and asteroids.

Detailed Definition:

An impact crater is a circular distortion on the surface of a celestial body caused by the collision of a meteorite, asteroid or comet. Craters are the most common features of the exterior of rocky and rock-ice bodies in the Solar System. The observed number of craters contains data about the age of the geological structure covered by them.  Impact craters should be distinguished from similar structures of other origin, for instance, volcanic craters.

Etymology:

First coined in 1613, from Latin crātēr (“basin”) and from Ancient Greek κρᾱτήρ (krātḗr, “mixing-bowl, wassail-bowl”).

Sample Sentence(s):

"Because of the many missions studying Mars since the 1960s, there is good coverage of its surface, which contains large numbers of craters."
"Complex craters have uplifted centers, and they have typically broad flat shallow crater floors, and terraced walls."
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_crater

Translations:

French: 

Cratère

German:

Krater

Polish:

Krater

Swedish:

Krater

Links to Videos/Articles:

Source:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CubeSat#/media/File:Ncube2.jpg

Short definition: 

A cube satellite is a standardized miniature satellite, widely used for simpler tasks that require orbital position, as well as for engineering project and research. Due to standardized dimensions and small size, cube sats, as they are also known, are much more affordable than regular big satellites

Detailed Definition:

CubeSats is a class of miniaturized satellite that weight less than 2kg and are usually shaped as a 10cm cube (10cm is referred to as 1U). They are put into orbit by ISS or launched as secondary payload. As of end of 2021, more than 1600 of them have been launched. Cube sats are usually used for experiments that involve hardware which can be miniaturized, like earth observation, amateur radio or research projects. They are also used to demonstrate spacecraft technologies that are either designed for a small satellites or are too expensive or uncertain to safely involve them into a regular size satellite.

Etymology:

Cube – Greek - (kybos)  a six-sided die

Sample Sentence(s):

"CubeSats are employed to demonstrate spacecraft technologies."

"Like larger satellites, CubeSats often feature multiple computers handling different tasks in parallel including the attitude control."

Translations:

French: cube satellite

German: der Würfelsatellit

Swedish: kubformad satellit

Polish: satelita sześcianu

Links to videos/articles:

https://www.asc-csa.gc.ca/eng/satellites/cubesat/what-is-a-cubesat.asp